Arctic change seems to be having major impact on physics and biology of Gulf of Maine, and presumably all waters between there and the high Arctic, but the connections are not well understood.  More spatially distributed observations, using a range of established and emerging technologies, are required to understand the processes controlling these linkages, and to provide early warning of future, perhaps unexpected, changes.  Where should sensors be sited for biggest, fastest, return? Which technologies should be favored?  What are the trade offs between many, simpler, cheaper devices between a few very sophisticated and expensive instruments or rovers?